Fungal disease of nails - OnyChocomyCozis - caused by dermatophyte fungi and microsporia.In a 2003 survey of leg diseases, 16 European countries recognized it as the most common.
The fungus can affect the free edge of the nail, the sides, the back layer and the entire nail plate.Depending on the severity of the disease, onychocomycosis differs:
- normotrophic;
- hypertrophic;
- atrophic.
Changes in the color and structure of the nail can be complete or significant, up to its complete destruction.
The pharmaceutical industry is developing an effective treatment for nail fungus.These are tablets, varnishes, sprays, ointments and solutions.In addition, recipes from traditional medicine are used, which has accumulated extensive experience in the treatment of mixons.
You can't start medicating yourself with all the different medications and home remedies.After the diagnosis, a consultant mycologist or dermatologist will recommend the best way to treat nail fungus.In about 50% of cases, patients experience non-fungal deformation of the nail plate.
What you need to know before starting Mungal treatment
The main route of infection transmission is contact.Fungal spores thrive in warm, moist environments.Therefore, you can become infected with OnyChomyCoSis:
- through the patient's personal belongings - shoes, towels, socks;
- In the bath, saunas, swimming pools, beaches - people go barefoot;
- in pedicure rooms where sanitary and hygienic requirements are not met.
The reason for the infection to penetrate directly into human cells is the reduction of local and general immunity.These are:
- Chronic diseases - diabetes, blood diseases, gastrointestinal tract;
- nail injuries, foot grafts;
- past viral diseases;
- Taking antibiotics, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs;
- HIV, immunodeficiency.
A fungal infection that penetrates the "open door" begins an active life.It aggravates the course of the disease:
- hyperhidrosis of the feet - increased sweating;
- constant wearing of tight shoes made of poor quality materials;
- lack of personal hygiene.
Before starting treatment and choosing a remedy for nail fungus, you should analyze the causes of the disease.Combined therapy and elimination of the factors that provoke the development of OnyChocomyCoz can really help.This disease is often known to relapse.
Examinations before starting treatment for nail fungus
At the appointment, a dermatologist examines the infected area, determines the changes in the color and structure of the nails and the nature of the lesion.He takes tissue samples for analysis by stuttering with a special tool.
The type of pathogen is determined by microscopy or inoculation in a nutrient medium.The sample is treated with a special compound and examined under a microscope.The analysis lasts from 15 minutes to a day.When driving, a piece of infected tissue is placed for germination in favorable conditions for 25-30 days.
The external manifestations of OnyChocomyCoz are similar to the symptoms of other diseases: psoriasis, keratoderma, onychoderstrophy and Lichen Planus.Laboratory diagnostics determines:
- the presence of fungi;
- its type;
- Quantitative characteristics of infection;
- drug sensitivity.
Urine and blood tests are prescribed to determine the stage of the disease, infection of internal organs and possible side effects from drugs.After treatment, tests are repeated.
PCR (polymerase chain reaction) tests show high accuracy in pathogen identification.This type of research determines the type of fungus in the case of mild external manifestations of the disease, helps to choose an effective drug and accelerates the recovery rate.
Preparation procedure for treatment
To get the benefits and maximum effect of the treatment, you need to prepare your nails for treatment with drugs.To do this, the affected areas of the nail plates are cleaned and removed with mechanical or keratolite plasters.
Mechanical processing is done with nippers or files.Patches soften the affected areas of the nail painlessly and traumatically.After that, they are removed with scissors or a sharp scalpel.
Bifonazole is used as a keratolytic agent to remove affected nails.The ointment included in the kit is applied to the nail plate and covered with a bandage or adhesive plaster.After a day, the softened areas are cleaned and the procedure is repeated until the affected areas are completely removed.At the same time, treatment with local antimics is started.
It is important.Good preparation of the nail plates allows drugs to quickly penetrate deep into the nails and destroy fungal myeloma.
Medical drugs and treatment
All medicines for the systemic treatment of nail diseases must be prescribed by a doctor and taken strictly following the instructions.Antimycotics often have side effects, age restrictions and contraindications.They should be considered.
Modern drugs for the treatment of toenail fungus are available in the form of tablets, ointments, varnishes, gels, solutions and sprays.The most effective result is achieved with the combined use of oral and local drugs.
The following effective drugs have been used successfully:
Medicines in tablets - terbinafine, fluconazole, iTraconazole, Griseofulvin, Ketoconazole.Active substances have high activity against pathogenic fungal species.The recommended dosage is indicated in the instructions for the drug.The course of treatment usually lasts from 1.5 to 18 months, depending on the severity of the disease.The use of pulse therapy is effective - taking a high dose of medicine in short intervals with an interval of 3 weeks.
Ointment, creams - naftifine hydrochloride, terbinafine, clotrimazole.The active components of the preparation have fungistatic and fungicidal properties, that is, they stop the growth and regeneration of fungi and destroy the mycelium.Products are applied to clean and dried nail plates 2-3 times a day.Good results are obtained when combined with medicines in tablets.
Gels, solutions, serums - terbinafine, etc.Antifungal component accumulates in keratinized cells, kills fungi and spores.
Antifungal nail polish
One of the best treatments for toenail fungus is an antifungal varnish.Blocking the access of oxygen to the affected area, covers the surface with a thin air-tight film.
The active components of the drug penetrate deeply into the tissues, accumulate and destroy the pathogen.The coating is durable and does not disintegrate.Some varnishes can be applied under decorative.This is an added advantage if the treatment takes place in the summer.
Lacquers have a good therapeutic effect;They have active ingredients - terbinafine, amorolfine, ciclopirox.Apply to a clean, dry nail 1-2 times a week for 1 to 12 months.They have contraindications.
Folk remedies for home treatment against fungi
Home treatment is good for cleaning and disinfecting nails with onychomycosis.With regular use, cork threads and spores are destroyed.
You can get effective results by combining traditional recipes and drug therapy.
One of the dangerous remedies for nail fungus is vinegar.It is used in the form of baths, rubs and ointments based on glycerin.
Regular rubbing with iodine and celandine juice kills the underlying causes of onychomycosis.
They have an anti-inflammatory effect and a very soothing bath with baking soda, tea tree oil or lavender.
Compresses made from onion or garlic pulp with the function of combating vegetable oil are good.
Birch tar, a product of the distillation of birch bark, is known for its strong antimasot effect.
It is important.Folk remedies for the treatment of nail fungus may have contraindications.You should consult your doctor before using them.
How to prevent the need for treatment
To avoid a fungal infection and the need for treatment, you should follow preventive measures:
- avoid contact with other people's personal belongings;
- Wear shoes in baths, saunas, showers and beaches;
- Strengthen the immune system, lead a healthy lifestyle;
- Do not develop chronic diseases;
- Choose high quality and comfortable shoes.
If symptoms of onychomycosis are detected, do not self-medicate.It is necessary to visit a doctor, undergo an examination and be treated with an effective treatment against nail fungus.